1. What is a hydrocele?

A hydrocele is a collection of fluid in a thin sac within the scrotum, the sac that surrounds the testicles. This fluid buildup can cause the scrotum to swell. Hydroceles can develop in both men and infants, but they are most common in newborns and older men.

2. What are the symptoms of a hydrocele?

The main symptom of a hydrocele is a painless swelling in one or both testicles. The scrotum may feel heavy and the swelling may get bigger during the day and smaller at night.

3. What causes a hydrocele?

In adults, hydroceles can be caused by injury, infection, or inflammation in the testicles or epididymis, or it can be a side effect of surgery. In infants, it is caused by the failure of the processus vaginalis, a tube that connects the abdominal cavity to the scrotum during fetal development, to close properly after birth.

4. How is a hydrocele diagnosed?

A hydrocele is usually diagnosed by physical examination and medical history. In some cases, ultrasound or other imaging tests may be needed.

5. How is a hydrocele treated?

Treatment for hydrocele depends on the underlying cause, if any, and the size and symptoms of the hydrocele. In some cases it will resolve on its own, while in others it can be treated surgically by drainage of the fluid or removal of the sac and in some cases may require antibiotics or pain medication.

6. Can a hydrocele resolve on its own?

A hydrocele can resolve on its own, especially in infants. However, if it doesn't resolve within the first year of life, surgery may be necessary.

7. Are there any complications associated with a hydrocele?

In rare cases, a hydrocele can become infected, which can lead to further complications. If a hydrocele is caused by an underlying condition, such as testicular cancer, it may also be important to address that condition as well.

8. When should I see a doctor for a hydrocele?

If you notice a painless swelling in one or both testicles, you should see a doctor. Also, if the swelling is painful, is getting bigger, or is accompanied by fever or other symptoms, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.

9. Is a hydrocele considered a serious condition?

Hydroceles are generally not considered to be serious condition, but if it causes discomfort, impacts on daily activities or is caused by underlying disease then it can become serious.

10. Are hydroceles common in infants?

Hydroceles are common in newborns, affecting about 1 in 25 male infants. However, most hydroceles in infants resolve on their own within the first year of life.